source: t29-www/en/computer/commercial.shtm @ 219

Last change on this file since 219 was 219, checked in by sven, 13 years ago

About 45 user contributions for language improvement of the English homepage. Thank you so much! Unfortunately the system wasn't fully finished at that time (last weekend) so I don't have your names/locations yet :( - so if you read this text and want to be mentioned on the website, just write a mail.

-- sven @ workstation7

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1<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
2     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
3<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
4<head><!--#set var="title"        value="Early commercial computers"
5   --><!--#set var="location"     value="kommerzielle"
6   --><!--#set var="part"         value="computer"
7   --><!--#set var="url_de"       value="rechnertechnik/kommerzielle.shtm"
8   --><!--#set var="prev"         value="ic-technology.shtm"
9   --><!--#set var="prev_title"   value="Third-generation calculators with IC's"
10   --><!--#set var="next"         value="early-computers.shtm"
11   --><!--#set var="next_title"   value="Scientifical calculators and mini computers"
12 --><title>technikum29 - <!--#echo var="title" --></title>
13
14    <!--#include virtual="/en/inc/head.inc.shtm" -->
15    <meta name="t29.SVN" content="$Id: commercial.shtm 219 2010-11-24 21:36:53Z sven $" />
16</head>
17<body>
18<!--#echo encoding="none" var="heading" -->
19<div id="content">
20    <h2><!--#echo var="title" --></h2>
21
22    <p>In contrast to computers used for scientific applications, commercial data processing systems have a different structure, since they are optimized to support large storage systems and to process lots of data, as in payroll applications and the like. Sometimes the distinction between scientific and commercial systems is not a clear one. The examples below are typical small to medium systems for commercial applications.</p>
23
24        <h3>Olivetti P 203</h3>
25    <div class="box right clear-after">
26       <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/olivetti_p203.jpg" alt="Olivetti P203" width="406" height="378" />
27       <div class="bildtext">
28          <p>In 1968 the Olivetti P 101 with enlarged memory capacity was coupled with an electric typewriter which led to a system capable of printing the results of computations directly. This system is of a remarkable design and won quite some prizes for Olivetti in its time. Later machines made by Olivetti departed from that and were packaged in simple cubic enclosures.</p>
29        </div>
30    </div>
31
32    <h3>NCR 446</h3>   
33    <div class="box center">
34        <a href="/en/devices/ncr446.shtm" name="ncr-backlink"><img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/ncr-446.jpg" alt="Photography of the NCR 446" width="694" height="520" /></a>
35        </div>
36       
37    <p>Apart from desktop calculators other small computer systems were introduced to solve commercial problems. The <b>NCR 446</b> on display is a so-called accounting machine and consists of a paper tape reader and punch, a keyboard and an IBM Selectric typewriter as printer. It was built 1968 in Germany. Due to its core memory and woven ROM the machine is freely programmable and thus very versatile.
38       <br/>Clicking on the picture yields a <href="/en/devices/ncr446.shtm">more detailed picture</a></p>
39        <!-- das war B.Ulmann. Meine Übersetzung (alt):
40        <img src="/shared/photos/start/ncr_rechner.jpg" alt="NCR-Rechner" style="margin-right: 25px" />
41        <div class="bildtext">As an alternative to the desktop calculators, small installations
42           etablished in the market, used for special purpose. The NCR 446 (the picture on the left)
43           was called an "electronically invoicing machine". The installation features three paper tape
44           readers, paper tape punchers, a keyboard and an IBM spherical printhead machine as a printer.
45           Year of manufacture 1968 in Germany. It features as well a core memory and threaded ROM to
46           program freely (even scienteficially).</div>
47        -->
48
49    <h3>NIXDORF 820</h3>
50        <div class="box center auto-bildbreite">
51        <a href="/en/devices/nixdorf820.shtm" name="backlink-nixdorf" title="Zur Detailaufnahme der Nixdorf 820-Anlage"><img src="/shared/photos/start/nixdorf_820.jpg" alt="Nixdorf 820 Computer" width="670" height="270" /></a>
52                <p class="bildtext"><b>Nixdorf 820</b> with card puncher and printer</p>
53        </div>
54       
55        <p>A typical small to medium data processing system is the <b>NIXDORF 820</b> built in 1969/1970. This system is built entirely from modules, has a magnetic account reader and a <a href="storage-media.shtm#Threaded_ROM">threaded ROM</a> which was user modifiable. The console consists of a typewriter, the magnetic account reader and two punch card readers. In addition to this the system supports a card punching unit, a high speed matrix printer (visible on the right), two cassette tape drives and a stand alone card puncher (IBM or YUKI, see above). Clicking on the picture will yield <a class="go" href="/en/devices/nixdorf820.shtm">a more detailed version</a> of it.</p>
56
57</div><!-- end of content -->
58<!--#include virtual="/en/inc/menu.inc.shtm" -->
59</body>
60</html>
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