Changeset 68 in t29-www for en/computer


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Timestamp:
Dec 21, 2008, 12:11:49 AM (15 years ago)
Author:
sven
Message:
  • Analogrechner: Komplettsync der englischen Analogrechnerseite

(Starttext und +GTA)

-- Sven @ workstation

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  • en/computer/analog.shtm

    r56 r68  
    1313
    1414    <!--#include virtual="/en/inc/head.inc.shtm" -->
    15     <meta name="keywords" lang="de" content="Analogrechner, Hybridrechner, Telefunken, RAT 700" />
    16     <meta name="keywords" lang="en" content="analog computers, hyprid computers, telefunken, heathkit, rat 700, eai 180" />
    1715    <meta name="DC.Title" content="technikum29 - <!--#echo var="title" -->" />
    18     <meta name="DC.Subject" content="<!--#echo var="title" -->" />
    19     <meta name="t29.germanoriginal" content="03.2008/v5.7.19" />
    20     <meta name="t29.thistranslation" content="21.03.2008/v5.7.20" />
     16    <meta name="t29.SVN" content="$Id$" />
     17    <meta name="t29.germanoriginal" content="20.12.2008/v5.8.x" />
     18    <meta name="t29.thistranslation" content="20.12.2008/v5.8.x+1" />
    2119    <!--changelog: 26.04.2006/v5.5.1, Original 2005/v4.1.1 -->
    2220    <!--changelog: 21.08.2007/v5.7.5 Original: 18.07.2007/v5.7FINAL:v5.7 Änderungen (Struktur), Synchronisation der Übersetzung -->
    2321    <!--changelog: 09.09.2007/v5.7.6, Original: 08.09.2007/v5.7.6: EAI 185/180 + DO 240 neu -->
    24     <meta name="t29.comment" content="EC-1 neu" />
     22    <meta name="t29.comment" content="New top pagaragphs translation, +ETA" />
    2523</head>
    2624<body>
     
    2927    <h2><!--#echo var="title" --></h2>
    3028
    31     <p>Analog computers were used for the calculation of mathematical, phycial and technical problems. They were especially capable of solving equations containing variables which are dependent on time or differential equations.</p>
     29    <!-- Top paragraphs: Translation from 20.12.2008 -->
     30    <p>Analog computers were used to compute mathematical, physical and
     31    technical problems. They were especially capable of solving equations
     32    containing variables that depend on time or differential equations.</p>
    3233
    33     <p>Analog computers simulate the given problem by abstract it to a physical system which follows the same mathematical laws. This system is "plugged together" on a patch-board by using electronical networks which are situated in the computer's inner life (negators, summing unit, integrator, multiplier, function generator, etc.). Therewith even non-linear problems which differential equations which cannot be solved in a notation free of integrals can be solved with analog computers.</p>
     34    <p>Analog computers simulate the given problem by abstracting it to a
     35    physical system which follows the same mathematical laws. This
     36    system is "plugged together" on a patch-board by using electronical
     37    networks which are situated in the computer's inner life (negators,
     38    summing unit, integrator, multiplier, function generator, etc.). Unlike
     39    digital ones, analog computers don't count but measure (input) parameters.
     40    Therewith even non-linear differential equations can be solved quickly
     41    numerically. On the other hand, analog computers are not suitable for
     42    solving literal equations and suitable for commercial calculations
     43    not at all.</p>
    3444
    35     <p>Among others, computer systems by Telefunken (1961-64) are installed. They draw awesome curves on a storage oscilloscope and xy plotter. They solve difficult problems quite quickly, but handing, programming (plug connections) and analysis is not easy.</p>
     45    <p>All systems that yield the same mathematical model are called analog
     46    systems among one another, disregarding their technical or physical origins.
     47    The quality of the analogy of a system depends on the accuracy of
     48    both approximation and output. According to the price the available
     49    analog computers at that time highly differed from each other.
    3650
    37     <!--alter Text: <p>Electronical analog computers solved mathematical equations that represented electrical networks which you had to plug ("programm") on the board. They were solved by the electrical simulation. Results were not numbers, but graphs (curves) that can be plotted with a writer or an oscilloscope.</p>-->
     51    <p>Among others, computer systems by Telefunken (1961-64) are
     52    installed. They draw awesome curves on a storage oscilloscope and
     53    xy plotter. They solve difficult problems quite quickly, but handing,
     54    programming (plug connections) and analysis is not easy.</p>
     55
     56    <!--alter Text: <p>Electronical analog computers solved mathematical
     57    equations that represented electrical networks which you had to plug
     58    ("programm") on the board. They were solved by the electrical simulation.
     59    Results were not numbers, but graphs (curves) that can be plotted with a
     60    writer or an oscilloscope.</p>-->
    3861
    3962    <h3>Heathkit Analog Computer H1</h3>
    4063    <div class="box center" style="margin-bottom: 0;">
    4164        <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/heathkit-analogrechner.jpg" width="493" height="337" alt="Heathkit Analog Computer H1" />
    42         <p>Heathkit, known for it's construction kits, developed an analoge computer in 1956 that was primary designed for education. This monster has 70 tubes, whereas 45 were placed external due to better cooling. It is equipped with 15 computing amplifiers.</p>
     65        <p>Heathkit, known for it's construction kits, developed an analog
     66        computer in 1956 that was primary designed for education. This
     67        monster has 70 tubes, whereas 45 were placed external due to better
     68        cooling. It is equipped with 15 computing amplifiers.</p>
    4369    </div>
    4470
     
    4672       <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/heathkit-ausschnitt.jpg" alt=" Heathkit Analog Computers H1" width="247" height="179" class="nomargin-bottom"/>
    4773       <div class="bildtext">
    48           It demonstrates archaic early technology from the first generation. We will refloat it and equipp it with a tube filled xy plotter
    49           <p>The glimming tubes gives the cold technology an fantastic warmness.</p>
    50            This device is a loan from the <a href="http://www.fitg.de/fitg_english/">FITG (Association for the promition of industrial and technological history)</a>.
     74          It demonstrates archaic early technology from the first generation.
     75          We have connected a compatible xy plotter equipped with tubes, too.
     76          <br/>This device is a loan from the <a
     77          href="http://www.fitg.de/fitg_english/">FITG (Association for the
     78          promition of industrial and technological history)</a>.
    5179       </div>
    5280       <div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
     
    5684        <h3>Heathkit Analog Computer EC-1</h3>
    5785        <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/heathkit EC-1.jpg" width="365" height="256" alt="Heathkit EC-1" />
    58         <p>This is a very small analog computer that was designed for educational purpose. It was built since 1960 and
    59            was equipped with only 17 tubes (whereas 5 were used for stabilisation of voltage). With such a sparse
    60            equipment the device is just good enough to yield the function of an analog computer &ndash; it is too
    61            inexactly to be used for real computing.</p>
     86        <p>This is a very small analog computer that was designed for
     87           educational purpose. It was built since 1960 and was equipped
     88           with only 17 tubes (whereas 5 were used for stabilisation of
     89           voltage). With such a sparse equipment the device is just good
     90           enough to yield the function of an analog computer &ndash; it is too
     91           inexactly to be used for real computing.
     92           <br/>This device costed around 1.900 DM (about 900 Euro/500US$) </p>
    6293
    6394        <div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
     
    6899        <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/telefunken_rat700.jpg" width="291" height="917" alt="Telefunken RAT 700" class="nomargin-bottom" />
    69100        <div class="bildtext">
    70             The image shows the <b>Telefunkten RAT 700</b> in the bottom (first model from 1961), above a part from the
    71             successor. On the new model you can change the whole patch board and thus change prgorams quickly.
    72             <br/>When it's running, you hear an undetermined buzzing (400 Hz), due to the mechanical chopper
    73             that change direct voltage in alternating voltage. That was the only chance to disable the
    74             disturbing termeratre drift (Changing of the germanium transistor parameters).
     101            The image shows the <b>Telefunkten RAT 700</b> in the bottom (first
     102            model from 1961), above a part from the successor. On the new model
     103            you can change the whole patch board and thus change prgorams quickly.
     104            <br/>When it's running, you hear an undetermined buzzing (400 Hz), due
     105            to the mechanical chopper that change direct voltage in alternating
     106            voltage. That was the only chance to disable the disturbing termeratre
     107            drift (Changing of the germanium transistor parameters). Principally,
     108            direct voltage is amlified by using choppers still today, but of course
     109            they are made with electronic components.
    75110        </div>
    76         <div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
    77111    </div>
    78112
     113    <div class="box center" style="margin-right: 291px">
     114        <h3>GTE Analogrechner EA22</h3>
     115        <img src="/shared/photos/rechnertechnik/gte-analogrechner.jpg" width="310" height="336" title="GTE Analog computer EA22" />
     116        <p>
     117          It's quite remarkable that the EA22 from GTE looks like the Telefunken
     118          computers. But unlike the competitive products, the GTE computer is
     119          equipped with more computing amplifiers (22 units), has a much clearer
     120          system design and is therefore much easier to maintain.
     121          This analog computer was build in the early 1960s.
     122        </p>
     123    </div>
     124
     125    <div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
    79126    <div class="box center">
    80127        <h3>EAI 180 digital-anloge computer</h3>
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